Before the reform of this round, from 1982 to 2013, the State Council had undergone seven institutional reforms. Each reform is to solve the outstanding problems faced by the government at that time. In this round of reform, the main purposes are change the functions of the government, resolutely overcome the drawbacks of institutional mechanisms, focus on promoting the development of high quality, build a modern economic system, and strengthen and improve the functions of the government’s economic regulation, market supervision, social management, public services, and the protection of the ecological environment. At the same time, considered the practice requirements of the new era, the reform is intended to establish a clear and lawful administration system to improve the executive ability of the government and build a service-oriented government.
To achieve the above purpose，according to the plan, after the reform 15 organizations under State Council have been cut down, 8 at the ministerial level and 7 at vice ministerial level, in addition to the general office of the State Council, the State Council divided into 26 departments, the formation of a new or re-establishment of the Department of natural resources, and department of ecological environment, the Ministry of agriculture and rural areas, Ministry of Veterans Affairs, Department of emergency management, the National Immigration Management Bureau and other departments. No longer retain the Ministry of supervision, Ministry of land and resources, the environment protection department, State Planning Commission and other departments; the financial supervision of the “one Bank and three commissions” into ” one Bank and two commissions”; merge the National taxation bureau and the Local taxation bureau in and below provincial-level, etc.
Generally speaking, it is a major measure to promote the modernization of the national governance system and the ability to govern and it is the realistic need to perfect and develop the system of socialism with Chinese characteristics.
The reform will make the party and state institutions more scientific, more optimized, more coordinated, more powerful, and more efficient. It will promote the transformation of government functions, to allow the masses to enjoy high quality and convenient public service and to build a service-oriented government with satisfactory people.
We can see from the contents of this reform, first, the new institutional reform of the State Council will help to enhance government functions scientific and to divide institutional responsibilities more clear, help to improve the operation efficiency, optimize the government cooperative and efficient “; help to avoid the overlapping management, break the curing department benefit and reshape the pattern of governance.
Second, merging of market supervision agencies, reducing the micro market intervention, can release the vitality of the market and improve the efficiency of market. Take the merger of China Bank Banking Regulatory Commission
and
the China Insurance Regulatory Commission for example, it is to resolve several years China financial mixed operation chaos, and it will contribute to cover the regulatory gray area in the past, and will prevention of financial risks.
Third, the reform complies with the people’s yearning for a better life and pays more attention to the people’s livelihood. At any time, the quality and safety of the products, food safety are involved in the hearts of the people. In order to improve the level and efficiency of supervision, the State Council integrates the responsibilities of industry and commerce, quality inspection and food and drug administration to form a market supervision and Administration Bureau, and separately set up the drug administration to supervise the sales and operation of drugs. In order to solve the problem of “difficult to see a doctor” and “expensive to see a doctor”, in this reform, it integrated the functions of human society insurance bureau, the health plan and the development and Reform Commission, setting up the National Medical Security Bureau. The new organization will better achieve the “Basic Health Protection for All “and further improve the level of medical security of urban and rural residents.